随着西厨、西点和理发等三个专业在澳洲部分地区的饱和，学生的目光转移到建筑技工及相关专业上来，我们今天把建筑及相关职业所涉及的工作内容，职业资格要求以及相关课程向大家作一介绍，文中内容引自澳大利亚移民局网站和相关院校网站。

职业名称：Bricklayer 砖匠 

移民：60分职业，紧缺职业，优先处理职业，各州政府担保职业

课程名称：Bricklaying/Blocklaying建筑砌砖技术

职业描述

Lays bricks, pre-cut stone and other types of building blocks in mortar to construct and repair walls, partitions, arches and other structures.

砌砖，把石头和其他类型的建筑砌块预切割为灰泥去建造和修复墙壁、隔板、拱门以及其他结构。
Skill Level:技能等级
The entry requirement for this occupation is an AQF Certificate III or higher qualification. Registration or licensing may be required.

对于此职业的入门要求是一个AQF III证书或以上的资格。可能会要求注册和申请许可证。
Tasks Include: 工作包括

• studies plans and specifications 学习计划和技术规范
• erects scaffolding 搭建脚手架
• seals foundations with damp-resistant materials 用防护材料封闭地基
• spreads layers of mortar to serve as base and binder for blocks, using trowels 使用泥铲来铺设多层灰泥作为建筑物的基质和包装
• lays bricks in rows, designs or shapes, spreading mortar between joints 砌砖成排，设计或定型，在接合处用灰泥涂抹
• embeds blocks in mortar and removes excess mortar 在灰泥中插入石块，除掉多余的灰泥
• checks vertical and horizontal alignment 垂直检查和水平调整
• shapes bricks to fit irregular spaces and constructs arches and ornamental brickwork 为不规则空间定型砖块以及建造拱门和装饰性砖块
• repairs and maintains brick, cement block and related structures 砖块、水泥砖和相关结构的修复和保养
• may operate brick cutting machines 可以运作砖块切割机
• may lay paving bricks, tiles or other materials in sand可以在沙土上铺设铺面砖、磁砖和其他材料

职业名称：Fibrous Plasterer 纤维大墙板建筑工

移民：60分职业，紧缺职业，优先处理职业，各州政府担保职业

课程名称：Wall and Ceiling Lining-Fibrous Plasterer 墙壁和天花板吊顶-纤维大墙

职业描述

Applies and fixes suspended ceilings and plasterboard partitions, fire rating systems, acoustic tiles, and composite wall linings to buildings.

安装建筑物所用的吊顶和石膏板隔墙，防火级别系统，吸声瓦和组合墙衬。
Skill Level: 技能水平
The entry requirement for this occupation is an AQF Certificate III or higher qualification. Registration or licensing may be required.

职业要求3级证书或以上水平。
Tasks Include: 工作包括

• determines plasterboard layout, and installs insulation and vapour barriers

确定石膏板的布局，安装绝缘和隔气层。

• measures and marks reference points on plasterboard 在石膏板上测量和标记参考点。
• cuts plasterboard, lifts and positions panels and secures them to walls and ceilings, or to battens  切割石膏板，脚手架，定位面板，并与墙壁、天花板或夹板固定。
• prepares corner beads and secures them in position 准备墙角护条并固定在适当位置。
• fixes pre-cast cornices, panel mouldings, ceiling centres and other plaster fittings                修理预制的檐板，面板模塑，天花板和其他石膏配件。
• covers joins and nail holes with wet plaster or sealing compounds, and smooths them using wet brushes and sand paper 用石膏或封口膏遮盖连接处与钉眼，同时用湿刷子和砂纸把它们打光。
• may spray fibrous materials over surfaces to be covered 在建筑物表面喷涂纤维材料

职业名称：Furniture Finisher 家具润饰工

移民：60分职业，紧缺职业，优先处理职业，各州政府担保职业

课程名称：Furniture Finisher（Cabinet Making）精细木工（橱柜技术

职业描述

Finishes, polishes or refinishes furniture.

润饰、抛光或返工修光家具
Skill Level:技能等级
The entry requirement for this occupation is an AQF Certificate III or higher qualification.

这个职业的入门要求是一个AQF III级证书或更高的资格。
Tasks Include: 工作包括

• sands and smooths furniture surfaces 打磨、打滑家具表面
• mixes stains by stirring in base colours to match colour or shade and applies to furniture 使用基本颜色来混合出符合家具的颜色的染色剂来涂抹家具
• applies varnish, shellac, lacquer or paint to surfaces 在表面上涂抹油漆、防虫漆、瓷漆或涂料
• polishes and waxes finished surfaces 在成品表面抛光、打蜡
• dismantles furniture, masks areas not being finished and removes accessories such as knobs and hinges to prepare articles for refinishing 拆除家具、未完成的局部蒙片和去除附件（例如把手和铰链）来为再加工做准备
• removes old finishes by stripping with steel wool or glasspaper, or by applying solvents or paint strippers and removing softened finishes by scraping 用钢丝棉或玻璃纸剥离来去除旧的表面材料，用涂抹溶剂或剥离剂或者通过刮擦来去除已软化的表面材料
• removes excess solvent and indentations 去除多余的溶剂和压痕
• may restore wood surfaces to natural colour using acid and neutralisers 能用酸和中和剂来恢复木质表面到自然色
• may hand polish and restore antique furniture能掌握抛光和恢复古董家具的技术

职业名称：Solid Plasterer 固体泥水匠

移民：60分职业，紧缺职业，优先处理职业，各州政府担保职业

课程名称：Solid Plastering 抹灰技术

职业描述

Applies decorative and protective coverings of plaster, cement or similar materials to the interiors and exteriors of structures.涂抹装饰性和保护性的石灰覆盖物，涂抹水泥或相似材料在建筑物的里层和外层。
技能等级Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is an AQF Certificate III or higher qualification. Registration or licensing may be required. 对于此职业的入门要求是一个AQF III证书或以上的资格。可能会要求注册和申请许可证。
工作包括Tasks Include:

• mixes plaster and cement 混合水泥和石灰
• applies coats of plaster to structures using trowels, and levels and smooths coats to uniform thickness 用泥铲在建筑物的外层涂抹水泥，层次和光滑外层使厚度均匀
• plumbs and straightens corners, angles and wall and ceiling surfaces 垂直和调整转角、角度、墙面和天花板表面
• applies finishing coats of plaster and smooths surfaces 涂抹灰泥的最后覆盖和打滑表面
• creates decorative textures in finishing coats 在最后覆盖表面制作装饰性纹理
• applies and finishes acoustic, insulating and fireproofing materials bonded with plaster, plastic cement and similar materials 涂抹表面隔声、绝缘和防火材料，同灰泥、塑料水泥和相似材料结合。
• may spray or apply protective glazes, water-proofing coats or vermiculite to structures or covered surfaces 可以在建筑物或被覆盖的表面上喷涂或涂抹保护性的釉彩、防水外衣或蛭石
• may fix pre-cast cornices, panel mouldings, ceiling centres and other plaster fittings 可以修复预制飞檐、面板模制、天花板中心和其他灰泥设备
• may lay floors of granolithic, terrazzo, cement or similar composition or finish concrete floors 可以砌人造石铺面的、水磨石、水泥或类似成分的或混凝土的地板

may erect scaffolds and trestles可以竖立脚手架和架住

职业名称：Wall and Floor Tiler 墙壁和地板砖 

移民：60分职业，紧缺职业，优先处理职业，各州政府担保职业

课程名称：Wall and Floor Tiler 墙壁和地面砖铺设技术

职业描述

Lays ceramic, clay, slate, marble and glass tiles on external and internal walls and floors to provide protective and decorative finishes.

砌陶器的、粘土、板岩和玻璃瓷砖到墙和地板的内外，以提供保护性和装饰性的表面
训练水平：Skill Level:
The entry requirement for this occupation is an AQF Certificate III or higher qualification. Registration or licensing may be required. 此职业的入门要求是一个AQF III证书或以上的资格。可能会要求注册和申请许可证。
工作包括：Tasks Include:

• examines plans, measures and marks surfaces and lays out work 检查计划、方法以及标记表面和勾画工作
• prepares wall and floor surfaces by removing old tiles, grout and adhesive, and cleaning and dry polishing 通过去除旧瓷砖、水泥浆和粘性物来准备墙壁和地板表面，并且清除、干燥和抛光
• spreads adhesive onto prepared surfaces and tiles, and sets tiles in position 在准备好的表面和瓷砖上涂抹粘性物，并且将瓷砖放置好位置
• ensures tiles are aligned 确保瓷砖对齐
• grouts tiles and cleans and removes excess grout 用薄泥浆填充瓷砖，然后清除多余的泥浆
• may lay floors of granolithic, terrazzo, cement or similar composition可以砌人造石铺面的、水磨石、水泥或类似成分的地板